39. How did the partition of Bengal result in the Swadeshi Movement?

  Though the partition of Bengal was in 1905, the partition proposals had been in the public eye as early as 1903.

 The strong sense of unity among Bengalis, as well as the cultural development of 19th century, and the spread of western education all gave birth to a vehement resistance to the idea of dividing Bengal.

 The Swadeshi Movement had its roots in this anti-partition movement. Its chief architects were Aurobindo Ghosh, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, and Lala Lajpat Rai.

 The Swadeshi Movement began as an economic boycott of all foreign goods and the promotion of domestic production and manufacturing processes. Later on, the economic boycott receded into background with the passage of time, and it developed into an idea of non-cooperation with the British in every field.