Sofia is the capital of Bulgaria. Located near the geographical centre of the Balkans region in the Sofia Basin, Sofia is a trough-like valley in the western part of the country.
Archaeologists say that there has been human presence in the city since 7,000 BC. However, the city was first mentioned only in the first century BC. Its industrialization grew further after the First World War. Today, the chief industries of the city are engineering, metallurgy, food processing, and the manufacture of textiles and clothing. Agriculture, the fruit industry and dairy farming are also sources of income for the city residents. Sofia is also the centre of Bulgarian air and rail traffic.
Tourists are attracted to the city because of the Cyril and Methodius National Library, the Ivan Vazov National Theatre and Opera House, an astronomical observatory and a number of museums. The restored St. George, Boyana and St. Sofia churches, two mosques, one of which houses a fine archaeological collection, and the St. Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, erected to commemorate the gratitude of the Bulgarian people to the Russian liberators of 1878 are other monuments in the city.
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