Guatemala is a largely mountainous country is located in Central America, south east of Mexico. It is bordered by the Pacific Ocean in south, and it has a narrow coastline on the Caribbean Sea.
Guatemala is the most populated state in Central America. Guatemala is a representative democracy; its capital and largest city is Nueva Guatemala de la Asuncion, also known as Guatemala City. The spoken languages are Spanish and about twenty Mayan languages, especially in rural areas. The Maya civilization was very advanced in math and astronomy.
The country is home to more than 30 volcanoes, many of them still active. Most of the country was conquered by the Spanish in the 16th century, becoming part of the viceroyalty of New Spain. Guatemala attained independence in 1821.
The president of Guatemala is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.