The word consciousness in psychological term refers to the condition of alertness of the organism. The brain is the control centre of the body’s nervous system and plays a major role in man’s thinking, remembering, alertness and vice-versa. Unconsciousness refers to the state of sleeping. Between these two conditions one may have varying degrees of consciousness.
In a condition of full consciousness the level of alertness will be very high. For example if someone is playing chess and wants to win, he would try to remain in a state of high alertness and deep concentration. Similarly the circus gymnasts would have to be very alert during their performances.
If a person is dozing he is said to be in a state of lower level of consciousness. He would be regarded as unconscious if he falls asleep.
These are different states of consciousness we come across in our normal day-to-day life. However, unconsciousness or sub-consciousness can also be produced by artificial means. A high state of consciousness can be produced with the help of some medicines which act as a stimulant to make person more active beyond his normal ability. Such medicines affect the central nervous system and produce such abnormal conditions. Caffeine in a strong coffee or tea can act as a powerful stimulant for some people. Too much alcohol can produce dozing effect and finally unconsciousness.
Certain diseases have a marked impact on the level of consciousness. There are some mental diseases which can lower the consciousness of a person. Emotional disturbances also affect the state of alertness of an individual. Highly emotional people often get the feeling of depression.
Today, scientists have developed several medicines and shock therapies which can control the level of consciousness. These methods are used for treating people with lower level of consciousness. However, these should be used only when prescribed by a physician.