My Science School

UNESCO has always strived to refine and redefine education. The Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development (MGIEP) was set up for the same purpose.

MGIEP is an educational research institute that was established in 2012 in Delhi. The institute works to implement education for building up a peaceful and sustainable society.

Various research programmes are carried out by the institute. For instance, it recently conducted a study to find out the effect of peace education. It also uses the help of the internet to conduct online campaigns.

The work of MGIEP is done in collaboration with the United Nations University in Japan. Dr. Anantha Kumar Duraiapparh, an experienced environmental development economist is the director of the institute.

 

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UNESCO has marked the important places with cultural and natural heritage as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. 38 World Heritage Sites are located in India. Taj Mahal, the Sun Temple at Konark, Khajuraho monuments, Hampi and Ajanta caves are some of the most famous among them.

India comes sixth in the list of countries with the maximum number of World Heritage Sites. Out of the 38, 30 are cultural sites. India has six natural world heritage sites too.

India has also got one mixed-criteria site which has both natural and cultural elements- the Khangchendzonga National Park. This national park is home to many endemic plants and animals. It also contains an important Buddhist monastery.

 

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While most of the Indian leaders chose to deliver speeches at the UN General Assembly in English, Atal Bihari Vajpayee chose to do something else.

Though Vajpayee was fluent in English, he spoke to the General Assembly in Hindi! Imagine delivering a speech in Hindi at the UN General Assembly, where there are representatives from across the world and English is the dominant mode of communication.

It was the first time an Indian leader addressed the UN in Hindi, or any other language other than English. Vajpayee was making clear India’s stand on various issues like nuclear disarmament, state-sponsored terrorism and reforms. Between 1977 and 2003, Vajpayee had addressed the General Assembly seven times.

 

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Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit made her way into the history of the United Nations when she went on to become the first ever female president of the UN General Assembly.

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit became the president for a year from September, 1953 after Lester B Pearson, the famous Canadian diplomat. Before representing India in the United Nations, she worked as India’s ambassador to the Soviet Union, the United States, Mexico, Ireland and Spain. She began working for the UN in 1946 and in 1979, she was appointed as the Indian representative of the UN Human Rights Commission.

India’s first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was her brother.

 

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Dr. Yasmin Ali Haque joined as India’s UNICEF Representative in July 2017. She is responsible to make sure that the rights of the underprivileged children are taken care of. She coordinates the efforts of the UN to transform the lives of children by ensuring quality education, and sufficient nutrition.

Before coming to India, Yasmin worked as the Deputy Director of the UNICEF’s Office of Emergency Operations. She played a major role in formulating the policies for effective response to children during times of crisis. She is also noted for being the first UNICEF representative in South Sudan. She had also worked in Bangladesh, Ghana and Sri Lanka.

 

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Many of us know Shashi Tharoor as a leading politician who uses complex English words like floxinoxinihiliphication. Shashi Tharoor had worked with the United Nations for almost thirty years.

Before rising to being an administrator at highest levels, Shashi Tharoor worked as a peacekeeper and a refugee worker. Peacekeeping after the Cold War was one of his major responsibilities. He then served as a senior advisor to the Secretary-General.

In 2001, he was appointed as the Under-Secretary General for Communications and Public Information under Kofi Annan. Tharoor was nominated by the government of India in the Secretary-General election.

However, he retired from the UN in 2007 after finishing second in the selection of UN Secretary-General. He then returned to India to become a leading figure in Indian politics.

 

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We all remember some advertisements because celebrities like Sachin Tendulkar or Alia Bhatt featured in them. When a notable person advertises a product, we are more likely to remember it. The UN too makes use of this idea. The UN takes help of many notable people to advocate a specific course and they are known as Goodwill Ambassadors.

UNICEF, the UN wing that works for the upliftment of children around the world has a long list of Goodwill Ambassadors. These ambassadors use their fame to draw the attention of people towards important issues.

So far, there have been five UNICEF Goodwill Ambassadors from India-Aamir Khan, Priyanka Chopra, Sharmila Tagore, Shahrukh Khan and Hima Das. Hima das, who holds the national record for 400 metres, is the first Youth Ambassador of UNICEF India.

 

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‘Why is that we have never heard voices in connection with the freedom of people under the suppression and the tyranny of Pakistani authorities on the other side of the cease- fire line?’ asked V K Krishna Menon to everyone gathered at the UN Security Council on 23 January, 1957. This question was part of V K Krishna Menon’s legendary marathon speech.

V K Krishna Menon is noted for delivering the longest speech in the history of the UN. Defending India’s position on Kashmir, Menon spoke for eight hours. He collapsed on to the Security Council floor towards the end of the speech.

With a doctor constantly monitoring his blood pressure, he returned to continue the speech after an hour. He had to be hospitalized and therefore, the speech was completed on the following day.

 

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When Aniruddha Rajput, a 33-year-old private lawyer from India was nominated for the International Law commission (ILC) election, he didn’t know that he would possibly be the youngest ever member of the ILC. Rajput was already practicing in the Supreme Court of India for six years.

Rajput was involved in the consultations for decisions regarding the amendment of the Indian Arbitrations Act. He was also a part of the drafting committee of the National Sports Development Bill of 2011.

The Ministry of External Affairs nominated him for the ILC elections. He was pursuing his PhD then. He became a member of the International Law Commission (ILC) in 2017.

 

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India has a permanent representative who will work as the diplomatic representative of our country. Also known as the Ambassador to the UN, he/she is the head of the Permanent Mission of India to the United Nations.

The Ambassador to the UN is expected to represent the interests of the country in the UN. He/she is a diplomatic official who is accredited to the UN, and works to promote the ideas of the UN and raise public awareness. The Ambassador also represents India in the General Assembly and the Security Council if needed.

Syed Akbaruddin currently serves as the Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations. He was appointed in March, 2016.

 

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The UN works in India in accordance with the United Nations Sustainable Development Framework (UNSDF). It is a framework that takes into consideration both national priorities and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The UN strives to improve the lives of the most marginalized poor, and vulnerable communities of the country, especially women and girls. As the government of India suggests, ‘Development for All’ is the focus of the UN. The work of the United Nations in India pertains to the following:

• poverty and urbanization


• health, water, and sanitation


• nutrition and food security


• climate change, clean energy, and disaster resilience


• education


• skilling, entrepreneurship, and job creation, and


• gender equality and youth development

 

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 We know that the Secretary-General heads the UN. The Resident Coordinator heads the activities of the UN in India. The Resident Coordinator is the representative of the UN Secretary-General to the Government and is responsible for leading the UN Country Team.

The Resident Coordinator is responsible for ensuring the coordination of the activities of the UN aimed at development. He/she is also responsible for advocating human rights and other values of the United Nations.

Renata Lok-Dessallien serves as the Resident Coordinator of the UN in India. She has been serving the UN for the past 30 years. Renata’s efforts have significantly aided in poverty reduction. She was previously associated with various other countries including Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, Myanmar, Laos and Mali.

 

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India has shown an active participation in the UN peacekeeping missions. Our country has been a part of 43 peacekeeping missions and has supplied more than 1, 80,000 troops. According to the 2014 reports, India is the third largest contributor of troops to the UN.

India has provided and continues to provide eminent Force Commanders for UN Missions. India has already provided two Military Advisors, two Police Advisors, one Deputy Military Advisor, 14 Force Commanders and numerous Police Commissioners.

The Armed Forces of India are currently part of the peacekeeping missions in Lebanon, Congo, Liberia, South Sudan, Ivory Coast, Golan Heights, and Haiti. As of February 2017,163 Indians have been killed while serving in the UN peacekeeping operations.

 

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India is a part of the G4. G4 is a group of four nations who constantly back each other to get permanent membership in the UN Security Council. Brazil, Japan and Germany are the other three G4 nations. But why is India so keen on getting permanent membership in the Security Council? Let’s see.

India has the second largest population in the world. It is also the world’s largest liberal democracy. India comes third in terms of purchasing power and is the seventh largest economy in the world.

India comes forefront in supplying troops for the peacekeeping missions of the UN. Also, the Security Council does not have any permanent member from South Asia at present.

 

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When India gained independence in 1947, it regarded the already granted UN membership as an assurance of peace and stability. In return, our country has always shown strong interest in the ideals of the UN, and had actively participated in the UN’s specialized programmes and agencies.

India has been a member of the UN Security Council. India has served seven terms in the Security Council, the most recent one being from 2011-12. India was enthusiastic about working against colonialism and the practice of apartheid. In fact, India was among the most outspoken critics of apartheid and racial discrimination in South Africa.

India has significantly contributed to the UN’s peacekeeping mission. Indian troops were sent for the United Nations peacekeeping mission. Indian troops were sent for the United Nations peacekeeping efforts in Korea, Egypt and Congo. In recent years, Indian troops were involved in the missions in Somalia, Angola, Haiti, Liberia, Lebanon and Rwanda.

 

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