It consists of three punishing events, a 3.9-km swim, a 180-km bicycle ride and a full marathon (42.1 km). Organized by the World Triathlon Corporation, the Ironman must be completed in 17 hours. The event begins at 7 a.m. The swim must be completed in 2 hours and 20 minutes; the bike ride by 5:30 p.m.; and the marathon by midnight. This includes the transition time, during which swimmers have to change into biking gear and then again for the marathon. The top men usually take eight hours while women complete it in nine.
The triathlon began in 1978 when a group of California athletes had an argument over whether running or swimming was more physically demanding. A member of the group called John Collins was inspired to start the first endurance triathlon in Hawaii around the island of Oahu. It combined what had been three separate events – a 2.4-km Waikiki Roughwater Swim, a 180-km Round Oahu Bike Course and the 42.1-km Honolulu Marathon.
There are Ironman races held in every continent except Antarctica, including the Ironman 70.3 which is exactly half the distance of the full Ironman. The most challenging is the Ironman World Championship in Kona, Hawaii, for which athletes have to qualify by competing in 28 Ironman races held in other parts of the world. The Kona biking track is grueling as it traverses lava fields that are lashed by fierce winds.
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