The human body is made from substances containing the element carbon. Called organic compounds, these often contain hydrogen and oxygen, too. Although organic compounds are based on only a few elements, they produce more than 10 million different compounds. Four main types of carbon compound exist inside the human body.
Nucleic acids
The molecules DNA and RNA carry all the instructions for making the proteins that our bodies are made of. They also carry code that controls how cells work and reproduce.
Proteins
Proteins are vital body molecules. Organs such as the brain are made o protein, as well as muscles, connective tissues, hormones that send chemical messages, and antibodies that fight infection.
Fats
Fats are made from carbon and hydrogen atoms. They form the outer barrier of cells. The layer of fat beneath the skin stores energy and helps the body to keep out the cold.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, and are the body’s main source of energy, carbohydrates circulate in the blood as sugars, or are stored in the liver and muscles.
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