It is light which enables our eyes to see. Light reflected from this page enters each eye and passes through a hole called the ‘pupil’. In dim surroundings, your pupils get larger to let in more light. In bright light, they become smaller.
Your eyes each contain a lens. This lens is jelly-like and can change shape. The lens bends the light entering your eyes so that you always see a clear picture. At the back of the eye is the ‘retina’. When light rays fall onto the retina, they cause messages to be sent to the brain. Your brain interprets the messages it receives and you are conscious of ‘seeing’.
Opticians use different lenses to check a patient’s eyesight.
The pinhole camera
This simple camera is a box with a pinhole at the front. Rays of light from the candle travel in straight lines through the pinhole to the screen at the back. The rays cross over as they pass through the hole and so the image is formed upside down.
Hold the camera between you and the candle. Look at the tracing paper — you will see an upside down candle!
The eye works a little like the pinhole camera. An apple held in your hand reflects rays of light which pass through your eye. The lens becomes short and fat to focus the light rays onto your retina.
To focus on the apple tree, your lens gets longer and thinner. The image formed on your retina is upside down in both cases. When the information is relayed from your retina to your brain, you ‘see’ things the right way up.
Picture Credit : Google